// The "bootloader" blob is (C) WCH. // Tricky: You need to use wch link to use WCH-LinkRV. // you can always uninstall it in device manager. It will be under USB devices or something like that at the bottom. #include <stdlib.h> #include <string.h> #include <stdarg.h> #include <stdio.h> #include <string.h> #include "libusb.h" #include "minichlink.h" struct LinkEProgrammerStruct { void * internal; libusb_device_handle * devh; int lasthaltmode; // For non-003 chips }; // For non-ch32v003 chips. //static int LEReadBinaryBlob( void * d, uint32_t offset, uint32_t amount, uint8_t * readbuff ); static int InternalLinkEHaltMode( void * d, int mode ); static int LEWriteBinaryBlob( void * d, uint32_t address_to_write, uint32_t len, uint8_t * blob ); #define WCHTIMEOUT 5000 #define WCHCHECK(x) if( (status = x) ) { fprintf( stderr, "Bad USB Operation on " __FILE__ ":%d (%d)\n", __LINE__, status ); exit( status ); } void wch_link_command( libusb_device_handle * devh, const void * command_v, int commandlen, int * transferred, uint8_t * reply, int replymax ) { uint8_t * command = (uint8_t*)command_v; uint8_t buffer[1024]; int got_to_recv = 0; int status; int transferred_local; if( !transferred ) transferred = &transferred_local; status = libusb_bulk_transfer( devh, 0x01, command, commandlen, transferred, WCHTIMEOUT ); if( status ) goto sendfail; got_to_recv = 1; if( !reply ) { reply = buffer; replymax = sizeof( buffer ); } // printf("wch_link_command send (%d)", commandlen); for(int i = 0; i< commandlen; printf(" %02x",command[i++])); printf("\n"); status = libusb_bulk_transfer( devh, 0x81, reply, replymax, transferred, WCHTIMEOUT ); // printf("wch_link_command reply (%d)", *transferred); for(int i = 0; i< *transferred; printf(" %02x",reply[i++])); printf("\n"); if( status ) goto sendfail; return; sendfail: fprintf( stderr, "Error sending WCH command (%s): ", got_to_recv?"on recv":"on send" ); int i; for( i = 0; i < commandlen; i++ ) { printf( "%02x ", command[i] ); } printf( "\n" ); exit( status ); } static void wch_link_multicommands( libusb_device_handle * devh, int nrcommands, ... ) { int i; va_list argp; va_start(argp, nrcommands); for( i = 0; i < nrcommands; i++ ) { int clen = va_arg(argp, int); wch_link_command( devh, va_arg(argp, char *), clen, 0, 0, 0 ); } va_end( argp ); } static inline libusb_device_handle * wch_link_base_setup( int inhibit_startup ) { libusb_context * ctx = 0; int status; status = libusb_init(&ctx); if (status < 0) { fprintf( stderr, "Error: libusb_init_context() returned %d\n", status ); exit( status ); } libusb_device **list; libusb_device *found = NULL; ssize_t cnt = libusb_get_device_list(ctx, &list); ssize_t i = 0; int found_arm_programmer = 0; for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) { libusb_device *device = list[i]; struct libusb_device_descriptor desc; int r = libusb_get_device_descriptor(device,&desc); if( r == 0 && desc.idVendor == 0x1a86 && desc.idProduct == 0x8010 ) { found = device; } if( r == 0 && desc.idVendor == 0x1a86 && desc.idProduct == 0x8012) { found_arm_programmer = 1; } } if (found_arm_programmer) { fprintf( stderr, "Warning: found at least one WCH-LinkE in ARM programming mode. To use it with minichlink, " "you need to change it to RISC-V mode as per https://github.com/cnlohr/ch32v003fun/issues/227\n" ); } if( !found ) { return 0; } libusb_device_handle * devh; status = libusb_open( found, &devh ); if( status ) { fprintf( stderr, "Error: couldn't open wch link device (libusb_open() = %d)\n", status ); return 0; } WCHCHECK( libusb_claim_interface(devh, 0) ); uint8_t rbuff[1024]; int transferred; libusb_bulk_transfer( devh, 0x81, rbuff, 1024, &transferred, 1 ); // Clear out any pending transfers. Don't wait though. return devh; } // DMI_OP decyphered From https://github.com/karlp/openocd-hacks/blob/27af153d4a373f29ad93dab28a01baffb7894363/src/jtag/drivers/wlink.c // Thanks, CW2 for pointing this out. See DMI_OP for more info. int LEWriteReg32( void * dev, uint8_t reg_7_bit, uint32_t command ) { libusb_device_handle * devh = ((struct LinkEProgrammerStruct*)dev)->devh; const uint8_t iOP = 2; // op 2 = write uint8_t req[] = { 0x81, 0x08, 0x06, reg_7_bit, (command >> 24) & 0xff, (command >> 16) & 0xff, (command >> 8) & 0xff, (command >> 0) & 0xff, iOP }; uint8_t resp[128]; int resplen; wch_link_command( devh, req, sizeof(req), &resplen, resp, sizeof(resp) ); if( resplen != 9 || resp[3] != reg_7_bit ) { fprintf( stderr, "Error setting write reg. Tell cnlohr. Maybe we should allow retries here?\n" ); fprintf( stderr, "RR: %d :", resplen ); int i; for( i = 0; i < resplen; i++ ) { fprintf( stderr, "%02x ", resp[i] ); } fprintf( stderr, "\n" ); } return 0; } int LEReadReg32( void * dev, uint8_t reg_7_bit, uint32_t * commandresp ) { libusb_device_handle * devh = ((struct LinkEProgrammerStruct*)dev)->devh; const uint8_t iOP = 1; // op 1 = read uint32_t transferred; uint8_t rbuff[128] = { 0 }; uint8_t req[] = { 0x81, 0x08, 0x06, reg_7_bit, 0, 0, 0, 0, iOP }; wch_link_command( devh, req, sizeof( req ), (int*)&transferred, rbuff, sizeof( rbuff ) ); *commandresp = ( rbuff[4]<<24 ) | (rbuff[5]<<16) | (rbuff[6]<<8) | (rbuff[7]<<0); if( transferred != 9 || rbuff[3] != reg_7_bit ) { fprintf( stderr, "Error setting write reg. Tell cnlohr. Maybe we should allow retries here?\n" ); fprintf( stderr, "RR: %d :", transferred ); int i; for( i = 0; i < transferred; i++ ) { fprintf( stderr, "%02x ", rbuff[i] ); } fprintf( stderr, "\n" ); } /* printf( "RR: %d :", transferred ); int i; for( i = 0; i < transferred; i++ ) { printf( "%02x ", rbuff[i] ); } printf( "\n" ); */ return 0; } int LEFlushLLCommands( void * dev ) { return 0; } static int LESetupInterface( void * d ) { libusb_device_handle * dev = ((struct LinkEProgrammerStruct*)d)->devh; struct InternalState * iss = (struct InternalState*)(((struct ProgrammerStructBase*)d)->internal); uint8_t rbuff[1024]; uint32_t transferred = 0; // This puts the processor on hold to allow the debugger to run. wch_link_command( dev, "\x81\x0d\x01\x03", 4, (int*)&transferred, rbuff, 1024 ); // Reply: Ignored, 820d050900300500 // Place part into reset. wch_link_command( dev, "\x81\x0d\x01\x01", 4, (int*)&transferred, rbuff, 1024 ); // Reply is: "\x82\x0d\x04\x02\x08\x02\x00" switch(rbuff[5]) { case 1: fprintf(stderr, "WCH Programmer is CH549 version %d.%d\n",rbuff[3], rbuff[4]); break; case 2: fprintf(stderr, "WCH Programmer is CH32V307 version %d.%d\n",rbuff[3], rbuff[4]); break; case 3: fprintf(stderr, "WCH Programmer is CH32V203 version %d.%d\n",rbuff[3], rbuff[4]); break; case 4: fprintf(stderr, "WCH Programmer is LinkB version %d.%d\n",rbuff[3], rbuff[4]); break; case 18: fprintf(stderr, "WCH Programmer is LinkE version %d.%d\n",rbuff[3], rbuff[4]); break; default: fprintf(stderr, "Unknown WCH Programmer %02x (Ver %d.%d)\n", rbuff[5], rbuff[3], rbuff[4]); break; } // TODO: What in the world is this? It doesn't appear to be needed. wch_link_command( dev, "\x81\x0c\x02\x09\x01", 5, 0, 0, 0 ); //Reply is: 820c0101 // Note from further debugging: // My capture differs in this case: \x05 instead of \x09 -> But does not seem to be needed //wch_link_command( dev, "\x81\x0c\x02\x05\x01", 5, 0, 0, 0 ); //Reply is: 820c0101 // This puts the processor on hold to allow the debugger to run. wch_link_command( dev, "\x81\x0d\x01\x02", 4, (int*)&transferred, rbuff, 1024 ); // Reply: Ignored, 820d050900300500 if (rbuff[0] == 0x81 && rbuff[1] == 0x55 && rbuff[2] == 0x01 && rbuff[3] == 0x01) { fprintf(stderr, "link error, nothing connected to linker\n"); return -1; } uint32_t mcu_series = rbuff[4] << 4; uint32_t target_chip_type = mcu_series + (rbuff[5] >> 4); fprintf(stderr, "Chip Type: %03x\n", target_chip_type); if( mcu_series == 0x300 || mcu_series == 0x200 ) { fprintf( stderr, "CH32V30x or CH32V20x MCU detected. Using binary blob write for operation.\n" ); MCF.WriteBinaryBlob = LEWriteBinaryBlob; iss->sector_size = 256; wch_link_command( dev, "\x81\x0d\x01\x03", 4, (int*)&transferred, rbuff, 1024 ); // Reply: Ignored, 820d050900300500 } // For some reason, if we don't do this sometimes the programmer starts in a hosey mode. MCF.WriteReg32( d, DMCONTROL, 0x80000001 ); // Make the debug module work properly. MCF.WriteReg32( d, DMCONTROL, 0x80000001 ); // Initiate a halt request. MCF.WriteReg32( d, DMCONTROL, 0x80000001 ); // No, really make sure. MCF.WriteReg32( d, DMABSTRACTCS, 0x00000700 ); // Ignore any pending errors. MCF.WriteReg32( d, DMABSTRACTAUTO, 0 ); MCF.WriteReg32( d, DMCOMMAND, 0x00221000 ); // Read x0 (Null command) with nopostexec (to fix v307 read issues) int r = 0; r |= MCF.WaitForDoneOp( d, 0 ); if( r ) { fprintf( stderr, "Fault on setup\n" ); } else { fprintf( stderr, "Setup success\n" ); } // This puts the processor on hold to allow the debugger to run. // Recommended to switch to 05 from 09 by Alexander M // wch_link_command( dev, "\x81\x11\x01\x09", 4, (int*)&transferred, rbuff, 1024 ); // Reply: Chip ID + Other data (see below) wch_link_command( dev, "\x81\x11\x01\x05", 4, (int*)&transferred, rbuff, 1024 ); // Reply: Chip ID + Other data (see below) if( transferred != 20 ) { fprintf( stderr, "Error: could not get part status\n" ); return -1; } fprintf( stderr, "Flash Storage: %d kB\n", (rbuff[2]<<8) | rbuff[3] ); // Is this Flash size? fprintf( stderr, "Part UUID : %02x-%02x-%02x-%02x-%02x-%02x-%02x-%02x\n", rbuff[4], rbuff[5], rbuff[6], rbuff[7], rbuff[8], rbuff[9], rbuff[10], rbuff[11] ); fprintf( stderr, "PFlags : %02x-%02x-%02x-%02x\n", rbuff[12], rbuff[13], rbuff[14], rbuff[15] ); fprintf( stderr, "Part Type (B): %02x-%02x-%02x-%02x\n", rbuff[16], rbuff[17], rbuff[18], rbuff[19] ); // Check for read protection wch_link_command( dev, "\x81\x06\x01\x01", 4, (int*)&transferred, rbuff, 1024 ); if(transferred != 4) { fprintf(stderr, "Error: could not get read protection status\n"); return -1; } if(rbuff[3] == 0x01) { fprintf(stderr, "Read protection: enabled\n"); } else { fprintf(stderr, "Read protection: disabled\n"); } iss->flash_size = ((rbuff[2]<<8) | rbuff[3])*1024; iss->target_chip_type = target_chip_type; return 0; } static int LEControl3v3( void * d, int bOn ) { libusb_device_handle * dev = ((struct LinkEProgrammerStruct*)d)->devh; if( bOn ) wch_link_command( (libusb_device_handle *)dev, "\x81\x0d\x01\x09", 4, 0, 0, 0 ); else wch_link_command( (libusb_device_handle *)dev, "\x81\x0d\x01\x0a", 4, 0, 0, 0 ); return 0; } static int LEControl5v( void * d, int bOn ) { libusb_device_handle * dev = ((struct LinkEProgrammerStruct*)d)->devh; if( bOn ) wch_link_command( (libusb_device_handle *)dev, "\x81\x0d\x01\x0b", 4, 0, 0, 0 ); else wch_link_command( (libusb_device_handle *)dev, "\x81\x0d\x01\x0c", 4, 0, 0, 0 ); return 0; } static int LEUnbrick( void * d ) { printf( "Sending unbrick\n" ); libusb_device_handle * dev = ((struct LinkEProgrammerStruct*)d)->devh; wch_link_command( (libusb_device_handle *)dev, "\x81\x0d\x01\x0f\x09", 5, 0, 0, 0 ); printf( "Done unbrick\n" ); return 0; } static int LEConfigureNRSTAsGPIO( void * d, int one_if_yes_gpio ) { libusb_device_handle * dev = ((struct LinkEProgrammerStruct*)d)->devh; if( one_if_yes_gpio ) { wch_link_multicommands( (libusb_device_handle *)dev, 2, 11, "\x81\x06\x08\x02\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff", 4, "\x81\x0b\x01\x01" ); } else { wch_link_multicommands( (libusb_device_handle *)dev, 2, 11, "\x81\x06\x08\x02\xf7\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff", 4, "\x81\x0b\x01\x01" ); } return 0; } static int LEConfigureReadProtection( void * d, int one_if_yes_protect ) { libusb_device_handle * dev = ((struct LinkEProgrammerStruct*)d)->devh; if( one_if_yes_protect ) { wch_link_multicommands( (libusb_device_handle *)dev, 2, 11, "\x81\x06\x08\x03\xf7\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff", 4, "\x81\x0b\x01\x01" ); } else { wch_link_multicommands( (libusb_device_handle *)dev, 2, 11, "\x81\x06\x08\x02\xf7\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff", 4, "\x81\x0b\x01\x01" ); } return 0; } int LEExit( void * d ) { libusb_device_handle * dev = ((struct LinkEProgrammerStruct*)d)->devh; wch_link_command( (libusb_device_handle *)dev, "\x81\x0d\x01\xff", 4, 0, 0, 0); return 0; } void * TryInit_WCHLinkE() { libusb_device_handle * wch_linke_devh; wch_linke_devh = wch_link_base_setup(0); if( !wch_linke_devh ) return 0; struct LinkEProgrammerStruct * ret = malloc( sizeof( struct LinkEProgrammerStruct ) ); memset( ret, 0, sizeof( *ret ) ); ret->devh = wch_linke_devh; ret->lasthaltmode = 0; MCF.ReadReg32 = LEReadReg32; MCF.WriteReg32 = LEWriteReg32; MCF.FlushLLCommands = LEFlushLLCommands; MCF.SetupInterface = LESetupInterface; MCF.Control3v3 = LEControl3v3; MCF.Control5v = LEControl5v; MCF.Unbrick = LEUnbrick; MCF.ConfigureNRSTAsGPIO = LEConfigureNRSTAsGPIO; MCF.ConfigureReadProtection = LEConfigureReadProtection; MCF.Exit = LEExit; return ret; }; #if 1 // Flash Bootloader for V20x and V30x series MCUs const uint8_t * bootloader = (const uint8_t*) "\x93\x77\x15\x00\x41\x11\x99\xcf\xb7\x06\x67\x45\xb7\x27\x02\x40" \ "\x93\x86\x36\x12\x37\x97\xef\xcd\xd4\xc3\x13\x07\xb7\x9a\xd8\xc3" \ "\xd4\xd3\xd8\xd3\x93\x77\x25\x00\x95\xc7\xb7\x27\x02\x40\x98\x4b" \ "\xad\x66\x37\x38\x00\x40\x13\x67\x47\x00\x98\xcb\x98\x4b\x93\x86" \ "\xa6\xaa\x13\x67\x07\x04\x98\xcb\xd8\x47\x05\x8b\x61\xeb\x98\x4b" \ "\x6d\x9b\x98\xcb\x93\x77\x45\x00\xa9\xcb\x93\x07\xf6\x0f\xa1\x83" \ "\x2e\xc0\x2d\x68\x81\x76\x3e\xc4\xb7\x08\x02\x00\xb7\x27\x02\x40" \ "\x37\x33\x00\x40\x13\x08\xa8\xaa\xfd\x16\x98\x4b\x33\x67\x17\x01" \ "\x98\xcb\x02\x47\xd8\xcb\x98\x4b\x13\x67\x07\x04\x98\xcb\xd8\x47" \ "\x05\x8b\x41\xeb\x98\x4b\x75\x8f\x98\xcb\x02\x47\x13\x07\x07\x10" \ "\x3a\xc0\x22\x47\x7d\x17\x3a\xc4\x69\xfb\x93\x77\x85\x00\xd5\xcb" \ "\x93\x07\xf6\x0f\x2e\xc0\xa1\x83\x3e\xc4\x37\x27\x02\x40\x1c\x4b" \ "\xc1\x66\x41\x68\xd5\x8f\x1c\xcb\xb7\x16\x00\x20\xb7\x27\x02\x40" \ "\x93\x08\x00\x04\x37\x03\x20\x00\x98\x4b\x33\x67\x07\x01\x98\xcb" \ "\xd8\x47\x05\x8b\x75\xff\x02\x47\x3a\xc2\x46\xc6\x32\x47\x0d\xef" \ "\x98\x4b\x33\x67\x67\x00\x98\xcb\xd8\x47\x05\x8b\x75\xff\xd8\x47" \ "\x41\x8b\x39\xc3\xd8\x47\xc1\x76\xfd\x16\x13\x67\x07\x01\xd8\xc7" \ "\x98\x4b\x21\x45\x75\x8f\x98\xcb\x41\x01\x02\x90\x23\x20\xd8\x00" \ "\x25\xb7\x23\x20\x03\x01\xa5\xb7\x12\x47\x13\x8e\x46\x00\x94\x42" \ "\x14\xc3\x12\x47\x11\x07\x3a\xc2\x32\x47\x7d\x17\x3a\xc6\xd8\x47" \ "\x09\x8b\x75\xff\xf2\x86\x5d\xb7\x02\x47\x13\x07\x07\x10\x3a\xc0" \ "\x22\x47\x7d\x17\x3a\xc4\x49\xf3\x98\x4b\xc1\x76\xfd\x16\x75\x8f" \ "\x98\xcb\x41\x89\x15\xc9\x2e\xc0\x0d\x06\x02\xc4\x09\x82\x32\xc6" \ "\xb7\x17\x00\x20\x98\x43\x13\x86\x47\x00\xa2\x47\x82\x46\x8a\x07" \ "\xb6\x97\x9c\x43\x63\x1c\xf7\x00\xa2\x47\x85\x07\x3e\xc4\xa2\x46" \ "\x32\x47\xb2\x87\xe3\xe0\xe6\xfe\x01\x45\xbd\xbf\x41\x45\xad\xbf" \ "\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff" \ "\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff" \ "\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff" \ "\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff" \ "\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff" \ "\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff"; int bootloader_len = 512; #endif static int InternalLinkEHaltMode( void * d, int mode ) { libusb_device_handle * dev = ((struct LinkEProgrammerStruct*)d)->devh; if( mode == ((struct LinkEProgrammerStruct*)d)->lasthaltmode ) return 0; ((struct LinkEProgrammerStruct*)d)->lasthaltmode = mode; if( mode == 0 ) { printf( "Holding in reset\n" ); // Part one "immediately" places the part into reset. Part 2 says when we're done, leave part in reset. wch_link_multicommands( (libusb_device_handle *)dev, 2, 4, "\x81\x0d\x01\x02", 4, "\x81\x0d\x01\x01" ); } else if( mode == 1 ) { // This is clearly not the "best" method to exit reset. I don't know why this combination works. wch_link_multicommands( (libusb_device_handle *)dev, 3, 4, "\x81\x0b\x01\x01", 4, "\x81\x0d\x01\x02", 4, "\x81\x0d\x01\xff" ); } else { return -999; } return 0; } #if 0 static int LEReadBinaryBlob( void * d, uint32_t offset, uint32_t amount, uint8_t * readbuff ) { libusb_device_handle * dev = ((struct LinkEProgrammerStruct*)d)->devh; InternalLinkEHaltMode( d, 0 ); int i; int status; uint8_t rbuff[1024]; int transferred = 0; int readbuffplace = 0; wch_link_command( (libusb_device_handle *)dev, "\x81\x06\x01\x01", 4, 0, 0, 0 ); // Flush out any pending data. libusb_bulk_transfer( (libusb_device_handle *)dev, 0x82, rbuff, 1024, &transferred, 1 ); // 3/8 = Read Memory // First 4 bytes are big-endian location. // Next 4 bytes are big-endian amount. uint8_t readop[11] = { 0x81, 0x03, 0x08, }; readop[3] = (offset>>24)&0xff; readop[4] = (offset>>16)&0xff; readop[5] = (offset>>8)&0xff; readop[6] = (offset>>0)&0xff; readop[7] = (amount>>24)&0xff; readop[8] = (amount>>16)&0xff; readop[9] = (amount>>8)&0xff; readop[10] = (amount>>0)&0xff; wch_link_command( (libusb_device_handle *)dev, readop, 11, 0, 0, 0 ); // Perform operation wch_link_command( (libusb_device_handle *)dev, "\x81\x02\x01\x0c", 4, 0, 0, 0 ); uint32_t remain = amount; while( remain ) { transferred = 0; WCHCHECK( libusb_bulk_transfer( (libusb_device_handle *)dev, 0x82, rbuff, 1024, &transferred, WCHTIMEOUT ) ); memcpy( ((uint8_t*)readbuff) + readbuffplace, rbuff, transferred ); readbuffplace += transferred; remain -= transferred; } // Flip internal endian. Must be done separately in case something was unaligned when // reading. for( i = 0; i < readbuffplace/4; i++ ) { uint32_t r = ((uint32_t*)readbuff)[i]; ((uint32_t*)readbuff)[i] = (r>>24) | ((r & 0xff0000) >> 8) | ((r & 0xff00)<<8) | (( r & 0xff )<<24); } return 0; } #endif static int LEWriteBinaryBlob( void * d, uint32_t address_to_write, uint32_t len, uint8_t * blob ) { libusb_device_handle * dev = ((struct LinkEProgrammerStruct*)d)->devh; struct InternalState * iss = (struct InternalState*)(((struct LinkEProgrammerStruct*)d)->internal); InternalLinkEHaltMode( d, 0 ); int i; int status; uint8_t rbuff[1024]; int transferred; int padlen = ((len-1) & (~(iss->sector_size-1))) + iss->sector_size; wch_link_command( (libusb_device_handle *)dev, "\x81\x06\x01\x01", 4, 0, 0, 0 ); wch_link_command( (libusb_device_handle *)dev, "\x81\x06\x01\x01", 4, 0, 0, 0 ); // Not sure why but it seems to work better when we request twice. // This contains the write data quantity, in bytes. (The last 2 octets) // Then it just rollllls on in. char rksbuff[11] = { 0x81, 0x01, 0x08, // Address to write (uint8_t)(address_to_write >> 24), (uint8_t)(address_to_write >> 16), (uint8_t)(address_to_write >> 8), (uint8_t)(address_to_write & 0xff), // Length to write (uint8_t)(len >> 24), (uint8_t)(len >> 16), (uint8_t)(len >> 8), (uint8_t)(len & 0xff) }; wch_link_command( (libusb_device_handle *)dev, rksbuff, 11, 0, 0, 0 ); wch_link_command( (libusb_device_handle *)dev, "\x81\x02\x01\x05", 4, 0, 0, 0 ); int pplace = 0; for( pplace = 0; pplace < bootloader_len; pplace += iss->sector_size ) { WCHCHECK( libusb_bulk_transfer( (libusb_device_handle *)dev, 0x02, (uint8_t*)(bootloader+pplace), iss->sector_size, &transferred, WCHTIMEOUT ) ); } for( i = 0; i < 10; i++ ) { wch_link_command( (libusb_device_handle *)dev, "\x81\x02\x01\x07", 4, &transferred, rbuff, 1024 ); if( transferred == 4 && rbuff[0] == 0x82 && rbuff[1] == 0x02 && rbuff[2] == 0x01 && rbuff[3] == 0x07 ) { break; } } if( i == 10 ) { fprintf( stderr, "Error, confusing responses to 02/01/07\n" ); exit( -109 ); } wch_link_command( (libusb_device_handle *)dev, "\x81\x02\x01\x02", 4, 0, 0, 0 ); for( pplace = 0; pplace < padlen; pplace += iss->sector_size ) { if( pplace + iss->sector_size > len ) { uint8_t paddeddata[iss->sector_size]; int gap = pplace + iss->sector_size - len; int okcopy = len - pplace; memcpy( paddeddata, blob + pplace, okcopy ); memset( paddeddata + okcopy, 0xff, gap ); WCHCHECK( libusb_bulk_transfer( (libusb_device_handle *)dev, 0x02, paddeddata, iss->sector_size, &transferred, WCHTIMEOUT ) ); } else { WCHCHECK( libusb_bulk_transfer( (libusb_device_handle *)dev, 0x02, blob+pplace, iss->sector_size, &transferred, WCHTIMEOUT ) ); } } return 0; }